Exploration of the auditory system and the prevention of chemotherapeutic ototoxicity
Session Number
Project ID: MEDH 30
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Advisor(s)
Dr. Claus-Peter Richter; Northwestern Medicine
Dr. Xioadong Tan; Northwestern Medicine
Discipline
Medical and Health Sciences
Start Date
22-4-2020 11:00 AM
End Date
22-4-2020 11:25 AM
Abstract
Cisplatin is a frequently prescribed drug for cancer therapy that causes ototoxicity which damages the ear and leads to hearing loss. Cisplatin facilitates DNA cross linking which results in cell death of replicating cells but also increases ROS levels in the body, causing cell death of any affected cells. In the inner ear, this cell death results in hearing loss. A Chinese drug, Honokiol, has been shown to prevent hearing loss from Cisplatin by protecting mitochondria and preventing the death of healthy cells from ROS activation. This study aims to identify the effects of Cisplatin and Honokiol on the auditory system through hearing tests and analysis of ion concentrations in the inner ear to determine the mechanisms and sites of action for these drugs. We hypothesize that there is a fingerprint of ion concentration changes in the inner ear caused by Cisplatin and Honokiol. The X-Ray Fluorescence Microscopy is used as a mapping technique at a nanometer lateral resolution to study ion concentrations in the cochlea samples. Our results show the concentrations of copper, potassium, zinc, sulfur, calcium, chlorine and phosphorus in our samples. We are currently collecting more data on ion concentrations of samples treated with Honokiol and Cisplatin.
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Exploration of the auditory system and the prevention of chemotherapeutic ototoxicity
Cisplatin is a frequently prescribed drug for cancer therapy that causes ototoxicity which damages the ear and leads to hearing loss. Cisplatin facilitates DNA cross linking which results in cell death of replicating cells but also increases ROS levels in the body, causing cell death of any affected cells. In the inner ear, this cell death results in hearing loss. A Chinese drug, Honokiol, has been shown to prevent hearing loss from Cisplatin by protecting mitochondria and preventing the death of healthy cells from ROS activation. This study aims to identify the effects of Cisplatin and Honokiol on the auditory system through hearing tests and analysis of ion concentrations in the inner ear to determine the mechanisms and sites of action for these drugs. We hypothesize that there is a fingerprint of ion concentration changes in the inner ear caused by Cisplatin and Honokiol. The X-Ray Fluorescence Microscopy is used as a mapping technique at a nanometer lateral resolution to study ion concentrations in the cochlea samples. Our results show the concentrations of copper, potassium, zinc, sulfur, calcium, chlorine and phosphorus in our samples. We are currently collecting more data on ion concentrations of samples treated with Honokiol and Cisplatin.