Physical Sciences

Class S theories are four-dimensional N=2 superconformal field theories which arise from compactification of six-dimensional (2,0) theories on a punctured Riemann surface. Each puncture is associated with a Lie algebra. The resulting class S theory has a flavor symmetry which is the direct sum of these Lie algebras, which is sometimes enhanced to a larger algebra. We discuss the global ... Read More

In our search for the doubly charged Higgs boson and dark photon, which are predicted extensions to the Standard Model, we have to analyze trillions of events both generated by ourselves and observed events from the Large Hadron Collider. Processing such events locally takes incredibly long, and would leave us with no time to work with the data we get. ... Read More

The R_{2,2N} theories are an infinite family of non-Lagrangian SCFTs which appear in the strong-coupling limit of SU(2N+1) gauge theories with hypermultiplets symmetric and antisymmetric tensor representations. These theories are particularly interesting as they are known to arise in class S as compactifications of the A_{2N} (2,0) theories in the presence of outer-automorphism twists. These twists are particularly subtle, and ... Read More

The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) searches for doubly charged Higgs bosons (H++), exotic particles predicted by left-right symmetric extensions to the Standard Model whose discovery would represent a major breakthrough in particle physics. The primary CMS analysis employs an unbinned maximum likelihood fit to extract limits on H++ production cross sections. This investigation ... Read More

The 2x2 Demonstrator is a near-detector prototype developed for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). DUNE aims to study neutrino properties and help explain the matter/antimatter asymmetry observed in the universe. As a prototype of the DUNE near detector, 2x2 Demonstrator allows researchers to test detector performance and analyze neutrino interactions on a smaller scale. This project focuses on understanding ... Read More

Current left-right symmetric (LRS) theories predict a doubly charged particle produced via the Higgs mechanism. The LRS model would be more satisfactory than the Standard Model since it provides insight into neutrino flavor oscillations, parity violations, and lepton-quark symmetry in weak interactions. Due to the limited number of Monte Carlo events at the right tail of the background distribution, we ... Read More

Currently, the most accurate model at describing observations in particle physics is the Standard Model. However, there are many phenomena that it fails to explain. To explain these phenomena, many theories extend the Standard Model. Some of these theories, like left-right symmetric models, type-II seesaw models, 331 models, and the Zee-Babu neutrino mass model, predict the existence of a new ... Read More

The left-right symmetric model says that the doubly charged Higgs boson should exist, and we are searching for it. To prove its existence, we need to be able to differentiate it from other four lepton-producing processes. Drell-Yan may be one of the most important backgrounds for the search but has very low efficiency along with a large cross section. As ... Read More

Neutrinos are one of the most abundant subatomic particles in the universe, yet they interact with matter very infrequently. They oscillate between three flavors: electron, muon, and tau neutrinos, with these oscillations depending on neutrino energy. Determining neutrino energy is therefore vital to studying neutrino behavior. The focus for this research was to use machine learning to model neutrino interactions, ... Read More

The left-right symmetric model (LRSM) restores the left-right symmetry broken by parity violation in the weak interaction of the Standard Model (SM) and predicts the existence of a doubly-charged Higgs boson (H++ ). Our analysis calculates limits on the production cross section of the doubly charged Higgs boson using an unbinned likelihood fit. Since the extracted limits depend on the ... Read More

To investigate theories beyond the Standard Model, Monte Carlo simulations are utilized to model particle collisions and gain information about theoretical particles. In our dual search for the dark photon and doubly charged Higgs boson, we need to validate the accuracy of our Monte Carlo simulations to ensure correspondence with Standard Model particles. We achieve this by generating hundreds of ... Read More

The doubly charged Higgs boson (H++) is a hypothetical particle predicted by some Type II Seesaw Mechanisms, an extension of the Standard Model (SM) that adds a Higgs triplet containing neutral, singly charged, and doubly charged bosons. At the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the H++ is primarily produced via an s-channel process and identified by its decay into same-sign lepton ... Read More

The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is a next-generation particle accelerator designed to investigate the internal structure of nucleons and nuclei through high-luminosity collisions of polarized electrons with protons and heavy ions. Achieving this goal requires a detector capable of precise tracking and accurate jet reconstruction. The ePIC detector is being developed by the EIC scientific community to provide high-resolution measurements of ... Read More

The existence of dark matter has been accepted for the last half century, yet despite clear astrophysical evidence, nothing indicative has been seen in particle accelerators. Many prevalent theories of dark matter predict a dark sector of particles, analogous to the Standard Model. A massive dark photon of a dark sector model could serve as a portal between this hidden ... Read More

When a person talks, saliva is ejected from their mouth as all droplets. These droplets form due to the separation of saliva filaments, which stretch and break apart during speech. After the saliva is ejected, it travels as a multiphase gas cloud composed of air and suspended liquid droplets. Understanding the corresponding fluid dynamics and transport is important because it ... Read More

Some beyond the standard model (BSM) theories predict that in addition to the Higgs boson, there may be other scalar bosons, which would provide an explanation for neutrino masses. This particle, the doubly-charged Higgs boson (H++), has a primary decay mechanism involving lepton final states. Electrons and muons have distinct signatures in the detector and are thus reconstructed directly. Taus, ... Read More

In high-energy physics, Monte Carlo simulations play a vital role in modeling signal and background processes to support the search for new particles such as the doubly charged Higgs boson. However, these simulations often differ from experimental observations due to detector effects and reconstruction inefficiencies. To address these discrepancies, scale factors are applied to correct the simulated data to better ... Read More

In high-energy physics experiments at high-luminosity colliders, a significant challenge is accurately modeling “pile-up” - the occurrence of multiple simultaneous proton-proton interactions within a single crossing. This pile-up creates excessive background noise that can mask the signal. While Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are essential for estimating both Standard Model backgrounds and potential new signals, the pile-up distribution in generated MC ... Read More

Although dark matter makes up much of the universe, its particle identity is still unknown. Ultra-faint dwarf galaxies near the Milky Way form in large, gravitationally-bound clumps of dark matter known as dark matter halos. Different dark matter models predict different distributions of dark matter halos which in turn predicts vastly different amounts of satellite galaxies. Thus by counting dwarf ... Read More

The search for particles beyond the Standard Model (SM) is an important focus at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). One candidate is the doubly charged Higgs boson (H±±). Our analysis calculates limits on the production cross-section of the doubly charged Higgs using an unbinned likelihood fit. However, since the results of this fit depend heavily on signal and background modeling, ... Read More